Reorder Buffer: An Energy-Efficient Multithreading Architecture for Hardware MIMD Ray Traversal
Won-Jong Lee, Youngsam Shin, Seok Joong Hwang, Seok Kang, Jeong-Joon Yoo, and Soojung Ryu

Abstract
In this paper, we present energy- and area-efficient multithreading architecture for Multiple Instruction, Multiple Data (MIMD) ray tracing hardware targeted at low-power devices. Recent ray tracing hardware has predominantly adopted a MIMD approach for efficient parallel traversal of incoherent rays and supports a multithreading scheme to hide latency and to resolve memory divergence. However, the conventional multithreading scheme has problems such as increased memory cost for thread storage and consumption of additional energy for bypassing threads to the pipeline. Consequently, we propose a new multithreading architecture called Reorder Buffer. Reorder Buffer solves these problems by constituting a dynamic reordering of the rays in the input buffer according to the results of cache accesses. Unlike conventional schemes, Reorder Buffer is cost-effective and energy-efficient because it does not need additional thread memory nor does it consume more energy because it makes use of existing resources. Simulation results show that our architecture is a potentially versatile solution for future ray tracing hardware in low-energy devices because it provides as much as 11.7% better cache utilization and is up to 4.7 times more energy-efficient than the conventional architecture.
Paper
Related Publications
"An Energy Efficient Hardware Multithreading Scheme for Mobile Ray Tracing," Won-Jong Lee, Youngsam Shin, Jaedon Lee, Seok Joong Hwang, Soojung Ryu, Jeongwook Kim ACM SIGGRAPH ASIA 2014, Symposium on Mobile Graphics and Interactive Applications (MGIA), article no. 1.
"SGRT: A Mobile GPU Architecture for Real-Time Ray Tracing," Won-Jong Lee, Youngsam Shin, Jaedon Lee, Jin-Woo Kim, Jae-Ho Nah, Seok-Yoon Jung, Shi-Hwa Lee, Hyun-Sang Park, and Tack-Don Han, ACM High Performance Graphics (HPG) 2013, pp. 109-119, July. 2013.
BibTex
@INPROCEEDINGS{Lee2015hpg,
author = {Won-Jong Lee and Youngsam Shin, Seok Joong Hwang, Seok Kang, Jeong-Joon Yoo, and Soojung Ryu},
title = {{Reorder Buffer}: An Energy-Efficient Multithreading Architecture for Hardware {MIMD} Ray Traversal},
booktitle = {Proceedings of ACM High Performance Graphics 2015},
year = {2015},
pages = {21--32},
}